Isolation and identification of Harzianum clade species of Trichoderma from Khorramabad County

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran

2 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran

3 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan

10.22043/MI.2023.362910.1264

Abstract

 
The genus Trichoderma consists of globally distributed fungi. Among them, T. harzianum, is one of the most commonly collected Trichoderma species, which had been known as an aggregate species. In the present study, using a Trichoderma selective medium, 20 isolates belonging to 5 Trichoderma species of the Harzianum clad were isolated from soil samples collected from diverse geographical regions of Khorramabad County, Iran. Comparing the cultural and phenotypic criteria combined with molecular tests of the tef1 gene sequences of isolated fungi, five species namely, T. afroharzianum, T. atrobrunneum, T. guizhouense, T. harzianum and T. pholiotae were identified and their descriptions and figures are presented in this paper. T. harzianum had the highest frequency among the 5 species. T. pholiotae is reported for the first time from Iran.

Keywords

References

Azizi H. 2015. Identification of Trichoderma species isolated from walnut orchards in East Azarbaijan province and investigation of the biocontrol effect of effective isolates on walnut anthracnose. Master's thesis. Vali Asr University (AJ) Rafsanjan, Faculty of Agriculture.
Ávila-Miranda, M. E., Herrera-Estrella, A. and Peña-Cabriales, J. J. 2006. Colonization of the rhizosphere, rhizoplane and endorhiza of garlic (Allium sativum L.) by strains of Trichiderma harzianum and their capacity to control allium white-rot under field conditions. Soil Biology & Biochemistry. 38(7): 1823-1830. Barahui N. 2015. Identification of Trichoderma isolates from the soil of citrus orchards in Kerman province and investigation of the enzyme activity of isolates effective in controlling citrus gomoz disease. Master's thesis. Vali Asr University (AJ) Rafsanjan, Faculty of Agriculture.
Barrera VA, Iannone L, Romero AI, Chaverri P. 2021. Expanding the Trichoderma harzianum species complex: Three new species from Argentine natural and cultivated ecosystems. Mycologia. 113, 1136–1155.
Bisset J.1984. A revision of the genus Trichoderma. I. Section Longibrachiatum sect. nov. Can. J. Bot. 62:924-31..
Bissett, J. 1991. A revision of the genus Trichoderma. II. Intrageneric classification. Canadiation. Journal of Botany. 69, 2357–2372. https://doi.org/10.1139/b91-297.
Cai F, Druzhinina IS. 2021. In honor of John Bissett: authoritative guidelines on molecular identification of Trichoderma. Fungal Diversity, 107, 1-69.
Cao ZJ, Qin WT, Zhao J, Liu Y, Wang SX, Zheng SY. 2022. Three New Trichoderma Species in Harzianum Clade Associated with the Contaminated Substrates of Edible Fungi. Journal of Fungi. 31; 8 (11):1154.
Chaverri P, Branco-Rocha F, Jaklitsch W, Gazis R, Degenkolb T, Samuels GJ. 2015. Systematics of the Trichoderma harzianum species complex and the re-identification of commercial biocontrol strains. Mycologia. 1; 107 (3):558-90.
Chaverri, P.; Samuels, G.J. 2003.  Hypocrea/Trichoderma (Ascomycota, Hypocreales, Hypocreaceae): Species with green ascospores. Stud. Mycol. 48, 1–116.
Chaverri P, Samuels GJ. 2013. Evolution of habitat preference and nutrition mode in a cosmopolitan fungal genus with evidence of interkingdom host jumps and major shifts in ecology. Evolution. 1; 67(10):2823-37.
Davet PA .1979. technique for analyzing soil populations of Trichoderma spp. and Gliocladium virens. In Annales de Phytopathologie.
Doyle JJ (1990) Isolation of plant DNA from fresh tissue. Focus. 12: 13-5.
Elad Y, Chet I .1983a. Improved selective media for isolation of Trichoderma spp. or Fusarium spp. Phytoparasitica. 11:55–58.
Gams W, Meyer W.  1998. What exactly is Trichoderma harzianum? Mycologia. 1; 90(5):904-15.
Gams W, Bissett J (2002) Morphology and identification of. Trichoderma and Gliocladium. 3-31.
Gouy M, Guindon Ph, Gascuel O. 2010. SeaView Version 4: A Multiplatform Graphical User Interface for Sequence Alignment and Phylogenetic Tree Building. Molecular Biology and Evolution 27: 221-224.
Grondona I, Hermosa R, Tejada M, Gomis MD, Mateos PF, Bridge PD, Monte E, Garcia-Acha I. 1997. Physiological and biochemical characterization of Trichoderma harzianum, a biological control agent against soilborne fungal plant pathogens. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 63(8):3189-98.
Gu, X.; Wang, R.; Sun, Q.; Wu, B.; Sun, J.-Z. 2020. Four new species of Trichoderma in the Harzianum clade from northern China. Mycokeys, 73, 109–132. https://doi.org/10.3897%2Fmycokeys.73.51424.
Haouhach S, Karkachi N, Oguiba B, Sidaoui A, Chamorro I, Kihal M, Monte E. 2020.  Three new reports of Trichoderma in Algeria: T. atrobrunneum, (South) T. longibrachiatum (South), and T. afroharzianum (Northwest). Microorganisms. 23; 8(10):1455. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8101455.
Hermosa, R.; Cardoza, R.E.; Rubio, M.B.; Gutiérrez, S.; Monte, E. 2014. Secondary metabolism and antimicrobial metabolites of Trichoderma. In Biotechnology and Biology of Trichoderma; Gupta, V.S., Schmoll, M., Herrera-Estrella, A., Upadhyay, R.S., Druzhinina, I., Tuohy, M., Eds.; Elsevier: Amsterdam, the Netherlands. pp. 125–137.
Jaklitsch WM, Voglmayr H. 2015. Biodiversity of Trichoderma (Hypocreaceae) in Southern Europe and Macaronesia, Mycology. 80:1-87.
Jaklitsch, W.M.; Samuels, G.J.; Dodd, S.L.; Lu, B.S.; Druzhinina, I.S. 2006. Hypocrea rufa/Trichoderma viride: A reassessment, and description of five closely related species with and without warted conidia. Stud. Mycol. 56, 135–177. Jang S, Kwon SL, Lee H, Jang Y, Park MS, Lim YW, Kim C, Kim JJ. 2018. New report of three unrecorded species in Trichoderma harzianum species complex in Korea. Mycobiology. 3; 46(3):177-84. https://doi.org/10.1080/12298093.2018.1497792.
Li, Q.R.; Tan, P.; Jiang, Y.L.; Hyde, K.D.; Mckenzie, E.H.C.; Bahkali, A.H.; Kang, J.C.; Wang, Y. 2013. A novel Trichoderma species isolated from soil in Guizhou, T. guizhouense. Mycol. Prog. 12, 167–172. López-Bucio J, Pelagio-Flores R, Herrera-Estrella A. 2015. Trichoderma as biostimulant: exploiting the multilevel properties of a plant beneficial fungus, Scientia Horticulturae 196, 109–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2015.08.043.
Lumbsch HT, Huhndorf S. 2007. Whatever happened to the pyrenomycetes and Loculoascomycetes. Mycological Research. 111:1064– 1074.
Maliszewska I, Aniszkiewicz Ł, Sadowski Z. 2009. Biological Synthesis of Gold Nanostructures Using the Extract of Trichoderma koningii. Acta Phys. Pol. 116, 14. Mazrou, Y.S.A.; Makhlouf, A.H.; Elseehy, M.M.; Awad, M.F.A.; Hassan, M.M. 2020. Antagonistic activity and molecular characterization of biological control agent Trichoderma harzianum from Saudi Arabia. Egyptian Journal of Pest Control. 30, 1.
O'Donnell K, Cigelnik E, Nirenberg HI (1998). Molecular systematics and phylogeography of the Gibberella fujikuroi species complex. Mycologia 90: 465–493
O'Donnell K, Kistler HC, Tacke BK, Casper HH. 2000. Gene genealogies reveal global phylogeographic structure and reproductive isolation among lineages of Fusarium graminearum, the fungus causing wheat scab. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 5; 97(14):7905-10. Park, MS, Bae KS, Yu SH. 2006. Two New Species of Trichoderma Associated with Green Mold of Oyster Mushroom Cultivation in Korea. Mycobiology. 34, 111–113. https://doi.org/10.4489%2FMYCO.2006.34.3.111
Rifai MA. 1969. A revision of the genus Trichoderma. Mycological Papers. 116:1–56.
Samuels G, Chaverri P, Farr D, McCray E (2011) Trichoderma Online, Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Lab. ARS, USDA.
Sandoval-Denis M, Sutton DA, Cano-Lira JF, Gené J, Fothergill AW, Wiederhold NP, Guarro J. 2014. Phylogeny of the Clinically Relevant Species of the Emerging Fungus Trichoderma and Their Antifungal Susceptibilities. Journal of. Clinical Microbiology. 52, 2112–2125.
Sharma KK, Singh US (2014) Cultural and morphological characterization of rhizospheric isolates of fungal antagonist Trichoderma. Int. j. appl& nat. sci. 6(2): 451-6.
Vahabi K, Mansoori G, Karimi S. 2011. Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Fungus Trichoderma reesei (A Route for Large-Scale Production of AgNPs). Insciences Journal 1, 65–79. https://dx.doi.org/10.5640/insc.010165.
Waghunde RR, Shelake RM, Sabalpara AN. 2016. Review Trichoderma: A significant fungus for agriculture and environment. African Journal of Agricultural Research. 11(22): 1952-1965. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJAR2015.10584.
Zafari, D. 2012. "Taxonomic study of the genus Trichoderma in Iran". PhD Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran.
Zheng H, Qiao M, Lv Y, Du X, Zhang KQ, Yu Z. 2021. New species of Trichoderma isolated as endophytes and saprobes from southwest china. Journal of fungi, 7(6), p.467. https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fjof7060467
Mycologia Iranica
Volume 10, Issue 2
December 2023
Pages 67-78

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics