Iranian Mycological Society
Mycologia Iranica
2382-9664
2382-9656
5
2
2018
12
01
Enhancement of Xylanase Production by Protoplast Fusion of Trichoderma spp.
53
61
EN
Z.
Papzan
Department of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
zahrapapzan@ut.ac.ir
M.
Javan-Nikkhah
0000-0001-9533-0157
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
jnikkhah@ut.ac.ir
M.
Kowsari
Microbial Biotechnology and Biosafety Department, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education & Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
kowsari@abrii.ac.ir
A.
Mirzadi Gohari
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
amirzady@gmail.com
M.
Carmen Limón
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
carmenlimon@us.es
10.22043/mi.2019.118826
<span>Filamentous fungi </span><em>Trichoderma </em><span>spp</span><em>. </em><span>are efficient hyper-producers of industrially important enzymes</span><span>.</span><span> Xylanases are essential hemicellulases having vast ranges of applications in the various industrial sectors</span><span>.</span><span> In this study, the protoplast fusion of two </span><em>T. virens</em><span> and </span><em>T. harzianum</em><span> strains resulted in 2.5 </span>Uml<sup>-1</sup><span> xylanase activity in </span>fusant<span> X3 showing 4</span><span>.</span><span>7-fold improvement in xylanase activity compared to that of parents with 0</span><span>.</span><span>54 </span>Uml<sup>-1</sup><span>. Moreover, to evaluate the influence of protoplast fusion on the xylanase activity, the expression patterns of the xylanase gene </span><em>xyn3</em><span> was analyzed in the parental strains and the using qPCR</span><span>.</span><span> The results demonstrated that the relative expression of the </span><em>xyn3</em><span> increased in X3 by 4.9 fold compared to that of the parents</span><span>.</span><span> Finally, based on the results, it could be concluded that the protoplast fusion technology is a promising approach to generate new superior fungi with high production ability of the industrially important enzymes</span><span>.</span>
fungi,hemicellulases,Enzyme activity,qPCR
https://mij.areeo.ac.ir/article_118826.html
https://mij.areeo.ac.ir/article_118826_88dd5733c53d57452b7dffc73ed21472.pdf
Iranian Mycological Society
Mycologia Iranica
2382-9664
2382-9656
5
2
2018
12
01
Molecular identification of Tilletia controversa and T. caries, the causal agent of wheat dwarf and common bunt
63
70
EN
B.
Sharifnabi
0000-0001-9800-199X
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
sharifnabib@gmail.com
F.
Ghaderi
https://orcid.org/00
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Iran
fghaderi2003@yahoo.com
F.
Haghighi
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
fazikathaghighi@yahoo.com
10.22043/mi.2018.119652
Common and dwarf bunt of wheat are recognized as being caused by three closely related species, <em>Tilletia caries </em>and <em>T. laevis </em>as common bunt, and <em>T. controversa </em>as dwarf bunt. The morphological characteristics of two species including <em>T. controversa and T. caries</em> were studied from wheat grown in two provinces of Iran, Lorestan and Chaharmahal–o-Bakhtiari during 2014-2015. In this study, morphological characters could not completely distinguish these pathogens, as in some properties, they showed similarity to <em>T. laevis. </em>So, a collection of twenty wheat bunt isolates was used to compare species in morphological characteristics and phylogenetic relationships. Phylogenetic analyses were presented based on three PCR amplified nuclear DNA fragments including elongation factor 1 alpha (<em>EF1α</em>), the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (<em>RPB2</em>) genes and ITS-rDNA region. Maximum likelihood (ML) method was used to determine the phylogenetic relationship among isolates using MEGA v.6 and BEAUti and BEAST v1.6.1 software. Maximum likelihood bootstrap (BS) values and Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) values were applied as criteria for strongly supported clades. Two species including <em>T. controversa </em>and<em> T. caries </em>were distinguished as different species with DNA sequence information.
Morphology,multilocus phylogeny,Tilletia,EF1α,RPB2,ITS-rDNA
https://mij.areeo.ac.ir/article_119652.html
https://mij.areeo.ac.ir/article_119652_f5724cbe1f35362e47edc3b07930d072.pdf
Iranian Mycological Society
Mycologia Iranica
2382-9664
2382-9656
5
2
2018
12
01
Polyphasic identification of Sepedonium microspermum isolated from two genera of Boletales in Iran
71
77
EN
M.
Torbati
0000-0002-4399-8603
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
m.torbati512@gmail.com
M.
Arzanlou
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
arzanlou@hotmail.com
A.
Babai-Ahari
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
ababaiahari@yahoo.com
10.22043/mi.2018.119640
Moldy <em>Boletus</em> sp. and <em>Xerocomus</em> sp. were collected from several locations at the campus of the University of Tabriz, Iran. Fungicolous fungal isolates were recovered and characterized by the combination of morphological traits and phylogenetic analyses of combined ITS and LSU sequence data. Fungal isolates were identified as <em>Sepedonium microspermum</em>. This is the first report of <em>S. microspermum</em> on <em>Xerocomus</em> sp. from Iran which is comprehensively described and illustrated.
Morphology,ITS-rDNA,LSU,and Hypomyces
https://mij.areeo.ac.ir/article_119640.html
https://mij.areeo.ac.ir/article_119640_f082feba99a336a718b6b907ff9f6d17.pdf
Iranian Mycological Society
Mycologia Iranica
2382-9664
2382-9656
5
2
2018
12
01
Notes on Dictyuchus species (Stramenopila, Oomycetes) from Anzali lagoon, Iran
79
89
EN
H.
Masigol
0000-0003-2483-7799
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
hossein.masigol@gmail.com
S.A.
Khodaparast
0000-0002-7480-4170
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
khodaparast@guilan.ac.ir
R.
Mostowfizadeh-Ghalamfarsa
0000-0001-5572-918X
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Shiraz, Shiraz, Iran
rmostofi@shirazu.ac.ir
S.
Mousanejad
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
K.
Rojas-Jimenez
School of Biology, University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
keilor.rojas@gmail.com
H. P.
Grossart
0000-0002-9141-0325
Department of Experimental Limnology, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Stechlin, Germany
hgrossart@igb-berlin.de
10.22043/mi.2018.120353
Nine <em>Dictyuchus </em>isolates were obtained from floating and decaying twigs and leaves in Anzali lagoon, Anzali County, Guilan province, Iran. They are interestingly distinguished from current <em>Dictyuchus </em>species by the presence of dictyoid and achlyoid type of zoospore discharge, abundant fusiform and spherical gemma, and the absence of any sexual apparatus. In addition, phylogenetic analyses of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the nuclear rDNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (<em>cox1</em>) gene sequences using Maximum likelihood method indicate its novelty. We preferred not to introduce the isolates as new species due to low number of and sometimes unreliable sequences and lack of type species and suggested to verify <em>Dictyuchus sterilis</em> which has been excluded before. We discussed about taxonomy of the genus in details and provided a revised key to the species. In addition, it was shown that sterility <em>in vitro </em>might be common in this genus.
Biodiversity,freshwater ecosystems,oomycetes,Saprolegniales,sterility
https://mij.areeo.ac.ir/article_120353.html
https://mij.areeo.ac.ir/article_120353_602ebc1de1ff48de0c42a5422e4d087c.pdf
Iranian Mycological Society
Mycologia Iranica
2382-9664
2382-9656
5
2
2018
12
01
Fusarium species associated with medicinal plants of Lamiaceae and Asteraceae
91
101
EN
A.
Habibi
0000-0002-1359-6953
Department of Biodiversity, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
a.habibi@kgut.ac.ir
S. M.
Mansouri
Department of Biodiversity, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
m.mansouri.89@gmail.com
B.
Sadeghi
Department of Biodiversity, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
batulsadeghy@gmail.com
10.22043/mi.2019.120383
The purpose of this study was to identify the <em>Fusarium</em> species associated with selected medicinal plant species of Lamiaceae and Asteraceae in Kerman, the second-largest province of Iran. The plants showing wilting/rotting symptoms as well as asymptomatic plants were collected from main medicinal plants reservoirs and production areas. <em>Fusarium</em> species were identified based on morphological characteristics as well as subsequent sequencing of the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (<em>TEF1</em>-α gene. The following species were identified: <em>F. oxysporum</em>, <em>F. solani</em> and <em>F. nygamai</em> from <em>Achillea wilhelmsii</em> (Asteraceae); <em>F. solani</em>, <em>F. proliferatum</em> and species of <em>F. tricinctum</em> species complex from <em>Teucrium polium</em> (Lamiaceae); <em>F. solani</em>, <em>F. proliferatum</em> and species of <em>F. tricinctum</em> species complex from <em>Ziziphora tenuior</em> (Lamiaceae); <em>F. solani</em> and a species of <em>F. tricinctum</em> species complex from <em>Thymus carmanicus</em> (Lamiaceae); <em>F. redolens</em>, <em>F. brachygibbosum</em>, <em>F. proliferatum</em>, <em>F. tricinctum</em> species complex, <em>F. compactum</em> and <em>F. equiseti</em> from <em>Mentha piperita</em> (Lamiaceae); and <em>F. solani</em> and <em>F. proliferatum</em> from <em>Ziziphora cliniopodiodes</em> (Lamiaceae). For the first time, the pathogenicity of <em>Fusarium nygamai</em> on <em>Achillea wilhelmsii</em> as well as <em>F. redolens</em> and <em>F. brachygibbosum</em> on <em>Mentha piperita</em> were confirmed in this study.
root rot,Rhizosphere microorganisms,Morphology,TEF1-ɑ
https://mij.areeo.ac.ir/article_120383.html
https://mij.areeo.ac.ir/article_120383_dbc6fb422efeab721220f4028ad3de14.pdf
Iranian Mycological Society
Mycologia Iranica
2382-9664
2382-9656
5
2
2018
12
01
First report of Rhytidhysteron hysterinum from Iran
103
104
EN
S. A.
Mousavi
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
s.a.mousavi200@gmail.com
S. A.
Khodaparast
0000-0002-7480-4170
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
khodaparast@guilan.ac.ir
S.
Mousanejad
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
mousanejad@guilan.ac.ir
A.
Rouhibakhsh
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
a_rouhibakhsh1966@yahoo.com
10.22043/mi.2018.118828
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https://mij.areeo.ac.ir/article_118828.html
https://mij.areeo.ac.ir/article_118828_4c989d27ce8fc264091eb5bea2aba79f.pdf
Iranian Mycological Society
Mycologia Iranica
2382-9664
2382-9656
5
2
2018
12
01
Septoria malagutii as an endophytic fungus of Achillea millefolium from Iran
105
107
EN
S.
Hatamzadeh
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of crop Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
mhatamzade@yahoo.com
K.
Rahnama
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Crop Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
kamranrahnama1995@gmail.com
S.
Nasrollanejad
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of crop Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
snasrollanejad@yahoo.com
Kh-B.
Fotouhifar
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
fotowhi@ut.ac.ir
kh.
Hemmati
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Crop Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
kh_hemmati@gau.ac.ir
J.
White
Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
white@rci.rutgers.edu
10.22043/mi.2018.120384
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https://mij.areeo.ac.ir/article_120384.html
https://mij.areeo.ac.ir/article_120384_a478768c44bceacfd50bb6929c496aca.pdf